tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-89367134295376052592024-03-13T22:26:29.827-07:00ABRAHAMvazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.comBlogger64125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-65645028427822357952010-06-13T02:23:00.000-07:002010-06-13T02:26:28.034-07:00Site features<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHXxRs75Ubz79SMCUIEJ03w1cn6hAXe2Hf1moLwB6qoyMO8xSU24K7m3ROvn52O_vXmreEb6NyNfc9aS8O2THwZyqBruhZcQNsog-hzUJ4sg_wjzLYlyyvYyiT1p97fE4loD7MofEWYGA/s1600/g26_sm.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 258px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHXxRs75Ubz79SMCUIEJ03w1cn6hAXe2Hf1moLwB6qoyMO8xSU24K7m3ROvn52O_vXmreEb6NyNfc9aS8O2THwZyqBruhZcQNsog-hzUJ4sg_wjzLYlyyvYyiT1p97fE4loD7MofEWYGA/s320/g26_sm.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5482187186073316338" border="0" /></a>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-15055253696750982762010-06-11T08:26:00.002-07:002010-06-13T02:06:20.305-07:00The Benavente plan<ul style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"><li>The historical centre and the business district-La plaza santa Maria, la plaza de la madera, la Mota<br /></li><li>The main residencial areas- urbanizacion de el Tejar, Las Catalanas, el Pinar.<br /></li><li>the industrial areas-El centro de transportes, es donde se encuentran todas las fabricas y donde se realizan los envios.<br /></li><li>the main streets- Calle Herreros, Calle la Rua, Avenida Maragatos, Avenida de el Ferial, Calle los Carros.<br /></li></ul><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">What kind of City layout are there?, Only one?<br /><br /><br /></span>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-9740885815520955802010-06-11T08:26:00.001-07:002010-06-11T08:26:49.721-07:00The Benavente planvazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-73127957679851765432010-06-05T06:04:00.001-07:002010-06-05T06:26:17.346-07:00The Gipsies<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibWPCCgG4iEZwPCbenz0-ITK0gurEH0RC2JYzKsczgcu4BVUza3GsaggaQp-0LvCwfPZZpp-czEbA0c_a97spXZPzio5n7U8TDTYG728plXiLB-ax3DBKoj5d8BhmihZzlBhTvqvQw1Dc/s1600/gitanos4.jpg"><img style="float: right; margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 235px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibWPCCgG4iEZwPCbenz0-ITK0gurEH0RC2JYzKsczgcu4BVUza3GsaggaQp-0LvCwfPZZpp-czEbA0c_a97spXZPzio5n7U8TDTYG728plXiLB-ax3DBKoj5d8BhmihZzlBhTvqvQw1Dc/s320/gitanos4.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5479274897585181218" border="0" /></a>-Where did the gipsy people come from? The gipsies come from the India<br />-How many gypsies are there in the world?<br />No one knows exactly how many Gypsies there are, either in general or in Spain in particular<br />-How many gipsies are there in Spain?<br />Estimates of the Spanish Gypsy population range as low as 500,000 and as high as 700,000.<br />-What language do they speak in Spain?<br />speak a language known as Romany<br />-What do you think the gipsies are excluded from the society?<br /><span id="result_box" class="medium_text"><span style="" title="">I think that we should not treat them badly, we must all be united, even if it is true that sometimes behave in a manner not usual with us, makes us think differently about them.<br /></span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153); font-weight: bold;"></span>-Are social integrartion programmes necesary? Why?, Why not?<br /><span id="result_box" class="medium_text"><span style="" title="">yes, because sometimes they do not behave well with the Spanish, they think they are everything, and that are most important, I think what they had to do was some laws are not met, they are punished.</span></span>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-81516965841505066432010-05-25T07:41:00.000-07:002010-05-25T08:14:42.773-07:00Types of societiesHunting and Gathering societies<br /><br />His time was in the Neolitic, the lifestyle was the <span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB">Males probably traveled long distances to hunt and capture larger animals. Females hunted smaller animals, gathered plants, made clothing, protected and raised children, and helped the males to pro</span><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB">tect the community from rival groups. And special features were </span><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB">Hunting and gathering societies primarily survive by hunting animals, fish</span><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB">ing, and gathering plants. The vast majority of these societies existed in the past, with only a few (perhaps a million people total) living today on the verge of extinction.<br /><br />Pastoral societies<br /><br /></span><p><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB">Members of <strong><span style="font-family: ";";">pastoral societies</span></strong>, which first emerged 12,000 years ago, pasture animals for food and transportation. Pastoral societies still exist today, primarily in the desert lands of North Africa where horticulture and manufacturing are not possible. </span><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYOehw1pQIIeAscP4tbQoC2Dz524nGuvXMgJ7UKOtZE7P0h0UsyKFHIg5WdcPvgy9uaH1mFvAzQSgJF_W5lzS_oABZw_M760yUNWYXCtKB9Cr6zgqN0gNwttTi4tTSkOvJzqV0ABBS8VQ/s1600/JW00-9315.jpg"><img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 346px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYOehw1pQIIeAscP4tbQoC2Dz524nGuvXMgJ7UKOtZE7P0h0UsyKFHIg5WdcPvgy9uaH1mFvAzQSgJF_W5lzS_oABZw_M760yUNWYXCtKB9Cr6zgqN0gNwttTi4tTSkOvJzqV0ABBS8VQ/s400/JW00-9315.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5472727671543968370" border="0" /></a>Su estilo de vida era el trabajo pastoril.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Horticultural societies</p><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB">Unlike pastoral societies that rely on domesticating animals, <strong><span style="font-family: ";";">horticultural societies</span></strong> rely on cultivating fruits, vegetables, and plants. These societies first appeared in different parts of the planet about the same time as pastoral societies.<br /><br />Agricultural societies<br /><br /></span><strong><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB">Agricultural societies</span></strong><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB"> use technological advances to cultivate crops (especially grains like </span><span style="font-family: ";";"><a href="http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Types-of-Societies.topicArticleId-26957,articleId-26856.html" target="undefined" id="KonaLink1"><span class="klink"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" lang="EN-GB">wheat</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB">, rice, corn, and barley) over a large area. Sociologists use the phrase <strong><span style="font-family: ";";">Agricultural Revolution</span></strong> to refer to the technological changes that </span><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB">occurred as long as 8,500 years ago that led to cultivating crops and raising farm animals. Increases in food supplies then led to larger populations than in earlier communities.<br /><br />Feudal societies<br /><br /></span><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB">From the 9th to 15th centuries, <strong><span style="font-family: ";";">feudalism</span></strong> was a form of society based on ownership of land. Unlike today's farmers, <em><span style="font-family: ";";">vassals</span></em> under feudalism were bound to cultivating their lord's land. In exchange for military protection, the lords exploited the peasants into providing food, crops, crafts, homage, and other services to the owner of the land. The <em><span style="font-family: ";";">caste</span></em> system of feudalism was often multigenerational; the families of peasants may have cultivated their lord's land for generations.<br /><br />Industrial societies<br /><br /></span><strong><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB">Industrial societies</span></strong><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB"> are based on using machines (particularly fuel-driven ones) to produce goods. Sociologists refer to the period during the 18th century when the production of goods in mechanized factories began as the <strong><span style="font-family: ";";">Industrial Revolution</span></strong>. The Industrial Revolution appeared first in Britain, and then quickly spread to the rest of the world.<br /><br />Postindustrial societies<br /><br /></span><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB"><strong><span style="font-family: ";";">postindustrial society</span></strong> based on information, knowledge, and the selling of services. That is, rather than being driven by the factory production of goods, society is being shaped by the human mind, aided by computer </span><span style="font-family: ";";"><a href="http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Types-of-Societies.topicArticleId-26957,articleId-26856.html" target="undefined" id="KonaLink3"><span class="klink"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" lang="EN-GB">technology</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: ";";" lang="EN-GB">. Although factories will always exist, the key to wealth and power seems to lie in the ability to generate, store, manipulate, and sell information. </span>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-82048822654908968722010-05-25T07:12:00.000-07:002010-05-25T07:39:47.897-07:00Types of societies<h2><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a name="zgourides6157c03-sec2-0005"><span style=""><br /></span></a></span></h2><h2><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a name="zgourides6157c03-sec2-0005"><span style=""></span></a></span></h2><h2><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a name="zgourides6157c03-sec2-0005"><span style=""></span></a></span></h2>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-80830545771527775582010-05-24T11:53:00.000-07:002010-05-28T08:18:38.103-07:00Tema 13 Sociedad y diversidad1. ¿Qué tipos de sociedades hay?<br />Hay tres tipos principales de sociedades: rural, industrial y post industriales.<br />Sociedades Rurales<br />En las sociedades rurales, la agricultura, y la explotación de los recursos minerales y energéticos son la base de la economía. Hay muy pocas industrias tradicionales como la manufactura textil. Muchas personas trabajan en el sector servicios, en pequeñas empresas. Muchas personas viven en pueblos, donde hay lazos tradicionales y costumbres, que siguen siendo fuertes. Hay muchas sociedades rurales en África, Asia y en Latin América.<br />Sociedades industriales<br />Mas de un tercio de la fuerza laboral trabaja en la industria. Las fabricas usuales no son modernas, y la producción se encuentra en los sectores tradicionales, como el metal, el hierro, textiles y medicamentos. Hay pequeñas granjas, pero un fuerte sector de servicio, particularmente en el transporte, comunicaciones y comercio. Muchas personas abandonan las regiones rurales y marchan a vivir a las ciudades. Hay sociedades industriales en el este y en el centro de Europa, y en los países industrializados en Latin América y en el Sur-Este de Asia.<br />Sociedades postindustriales<br />Más del 60% de la población trabaja en una variedad de el nivel alto de los servicios, como los servicios financieros y corporaciones, y la información tecnológica. Un 30% de la población trabaja en la industria. Un 10% de la población trabaja en la agricultura. Sin embargo, la producción se esta incrementando, gracias a las máquinas modernas y otros avances tecnológicos. Estas sociedades urbanas. En el pasado, las personas emigraban del país a las ciudades. Ahora, sin embargo, las personas se mueven fuera de las ciudades para encontrar trabajo. Las ciudades postindustriales se encuentran en los pasíses desarrollados, como los Estados Unidos, Canadá, el Oéste de Europa y Japón.vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-90763529250707374272010-05-22T07:13:00.000-07:002010-05-22T07:38:19.872-07:006. ¿Cómo es la población de España?España tiene más de 44 millones de habitantes. La población de España creció rapidamente en el 1970, hubo una alta tasa de natalidad y una baja tasa de mortalidad. Sin embargo, en el 1980, la tasa de crecimiento natural bajó, y hoy es de 0.2%. Hay dos estaciones para esto:<br />-La caídad en los nacimientos y en las tasas de natalidad, y más mujeres que se van fuera a trabajar, se usan más anticonceptivos, las mujeres se casan y tienen niños más tarde. Las mujeres tienen una media de 1.32 niños, una de las más bajas de todo el mundo, la tasa de sustitución no está garantizada.<br />-El incremento de la esperanza de vida. España es uno de los países con alta esperanza de vida en el mundo. Es el resultado de la caida de la tasa de mortalidad.<br />Consecuentemente, la población de españa esta envejeciendo. De 100 personas, 17 tienen una edad de 65 o más, y el resto tiene menos de 15.<br />Distribución desigual<br />La población de España no esta distribuida de manera uniforme.<br />-El 60% de la población vive en las comunidades autonomas: Andalucia, Catalonia, Madrid y la Comunidad Valenciana.<br />-Algunas provincias, como Soria o Teruel, tienen unas densidades de 10 habitantes por km2. Otras, como Madrid o Barcelona, tienen más de 680 habitantes por km2. Las provincias del interior estan más extensamente pobladas que la costa y las islas de la provincia.<br />-Provincias del este. En muchas provincias, la mayoria de la población vive en las ciudades.vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-41035788570349604792010-05-22T01:58:00.000-07:002010-05-22T02:15:38.945-07:005. ¿Cómo fue el crecimiento de la población?La diferencia entre el número de nacidos y el número de muertes se llama crecimiento natural. Cuando hay más nacidos que muertes, la población crece. Cuando hay más muertes que nacimientos, la población decrece.<br />La tasa del crecimiento natural es la relación entre el número de nacimientos y de muertes por 100 habitantes en un año.<br />NGR=Muertes-Nacimientos partido la población total por 100 Hoy, la tasa de crecimiento del mundo es de mas o menos 1.2%. Sin embargo, hay dos tendencias opuestas. En los países desarrollados, la vida es elevada. Con un total de un 15% de la edad de la población de 65 o más. En los países desarrollados, solo un 5% de la población es de más de 65. En los mismos países, más de un tercio de la población esta por debajo del los 15 años.<br />Políticas de población<br />El crecimiento de la población trae diferentes problemas. En los países desarrollados, la edad más alta de la población es de 65 o más, inrementan el aumento de el gasto de la asistencia sanitaria, pensiones, residencias de ancianos.vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-70897225015072981152010-05-22T01:24:00.000-07:002010-05-22T01:49:16.237-07:004.¿Cómo son las tasas de mortalidad?La tasa de mortalidad (MR) signigica el número de muertes en una población. Esta es la relación entre el número de muertes y la población del mismo año, expresa un número por mil. MR=El número de muertes en un año partido el total de población del año por 1000.<br />La tasa de mortalidad fue muy alta durante el siglo XIX, cuando empezó a haber una caída en el desarrollo de los países. En el siglo XX, cayó el desarrollo de los países, gracias a la falta de nutrición y de atención sanitaria. La asa de mortalidad, cayó de 20/1000 en el 1950 a 9/1000. Sin embargo algunos países disponen todavía de altas tasas de mortalidad, acausa de las epidemias, guerras, malas cosechas.<br />Mortalidad Infantil<br />La tasa de mortalidad infantil se refiere al número de muertes por mil niños bajo la edad de uno.<br />En 1950, 155 fuera de 1000 niños murieron bajo la edad de 1 año. La figura fue callendo a 55/1000 hoy.<br />Sin embargo, la figura varia de país a país. La mortalidad Infantil es un excelente indicador de la economía del país, ya que es más probable que un niño muera en los países subdesarrollados que en uno desarrollado.<br />Esperanza de vida.<br />La esperanza de vida se refiere a el número de años que se espera que viva alguien.<br />La experiencia de vida de las personas a aumentado. En el 1950, una persona vivía una media de 46 años. Hoy, la esperanza de vida es de 63 años por hombre y 68 para la mujer. De nuevo, hay grandes diferencias. En los países pobres como los países Africanos, la esperanza de vida es raramente alta en los 40 años, en cambio en los países más desarrollados la esperanza de vida es de alrededor de 80 años.vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-17295101214567176422010-05-20T07:47:00.000-07:002010-05-20T12:57:48.839-07:003.¿Cómo son las tasas de natalidad y fertilidad?La tasa de natalidad (BR) es el número de niños nacidos cada año por cada mil personas. Por ejemplo, una tasa de 25/1000 significa que 25 bebés nacen en una población de mil.<br />BR=El número de nacidos en un año, partido el total de la población en el año, multiplicado por 1000.<br />La tasa de fertilidad nos dice aproximadamente el número de niños nacidos en un lugar. Esto relaciona el numero de bebes a el número de mujeres de edad fértil (entre 15 y 49 años)<br />La evolución de las tasas de nacimiento y fertilidad.<br />Hasta el siglo XIX, las tasas de crecimiento eran muy altas en todo el mundo.<br />A comienzos del siglo XIX, la tasa estaba en los países desarrollados, pero también siguió siendo elevada en los países en desarrollo.<br />Hoy, las tasas de fertilidad y natalidad estan también declinando en los países pobres. Pero siguen siendo mucho más altas en los países desarrollados. -La media tasa de natalidad es alrededor de 20 nacidos por cada 1000 personas, pero esto varía considerablemente de un lugar a otro, alrededor de 40/1000, mientras que la tasa de natalidad europea es de alrededor de 10.<br />-La media de la tasa de fertilidad es 2.7 niños por mujer. En Nigeria la media es de 7.6 niños por mujer, en Belarus y en Ukraine esta es de 1.2 niños por mujer.<br />El número medio de niños por mujer es, el indicador útil del crecimiento futuro de la población. En orden de mantener la población y las tasas de garantía de reemplazo, las mujeres podrían tener un promedio de 2.15 niños. Esto no sucede en los países desarrollados porque la media de niños por mujer es muy baja.<br />Diferentes factores contribuyen a las tasas de crecimiento y fertilidad.<br />-Socio-economicos factores: En los países pobres, los niños trabajan desde temprana edad, y contribuyen a los ingresos de la familia. Ellos cuídan a sus padres cuando son viejos, porque no hay pensiones y un sistema del Estado del Bienestar. Consecuentemente, los padres no tienen muchos hijos. En contraste, en los países desarrollados los niños no son una carga. No pueden trabajar hasta los 16 años, y son caros de mantener.<br />-Factores Culturales<br />El número de niños es pequeño cuando las mujeres tienen más educación. Alfabetismo, por ejemplo, el uso correcto de los anticonceptivos.<br />La regla de la religión es también importante. En general, hay muchas creencias en las grandes familias. Hay más niños en las sociedades donde la religión tiene una fuerte influencia.<br />Política religiosa<br />En muchos países subdesarrollados, donde la población crece más deprisa, los goviernos empiezan a reducir las tasas de nacimiento a través de los planes políticos. Sin embargo, en los países ricos, los gobiernos tienen incentivos a personas que tienen niños.vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-46463817831164055852010-05-20T02:50:00.001-07:002010-05-20T03:06:40.385-07:00Vocabulary unit 10unit 10<br /><br />Charles I:was the king of spain in XV and XVI centuries<br /><br />Holy Roman Empire:Charles inherited the title of Holy Roman Emperor, from his paternal grandparents, together with family land in Germany, the Low Countries and France. As Emperor, he was called Charles V.<br /><br />Comuneros:All of this angered the Castilians and led to the Revolt of the Comuneros.<br /><br />Juan de Padilla:Toledo, led by Juan de Padilla, was the first city to rebel, in 1520. Other cities rapidly followed its example.<br /><br />Philip II:was the son of Charles V.<br /><br />Viceroy:The court was itinerant, and the king travelled in person to problem territories. Each territory had a viceroy or governor, who ruled in the king's name. There was also a court to administer justice.<br /><br />Ottoman Turks:were his others greats rivals They were a constant threat in the Mediterranean and along the eastern boundary of the Holy Roman Empire.<br /><br />German Protestant Princes: The most serious problem was the rebellion of the German Protestant princes.<br /><br />Elizabeth I: In the confrontation with England, the relations with England deteriorated when Elizabeth I became Queen.<br /><br />Invincible Armada:to fight against england, the powerful Spanish armada was defeated in 1588<br /><br />Hernan Cortes: The most important expeditions were led by Hernán Cortés, who conquered the Aztec Empire<br /><br />Aztec Empire: Was conquered by Hernán Cortés.<br /><br />Inca Empire:Was conquered by Francisco Pizarro.<br /><br />Francisco Pizarro: who conquered the Inca Empire.<br /><br />Council of Indies:or consejo de indias, which advised the king on matters of government.<br /><br />Viceroyalty of Peru:the territory conquered was divided into the Viceroyalty of Peru and viceroyalty of New Spain.<br /><br />Viceroyalty of New Spain:the territory conquered was divided into the Viceroyalty of Peru and viceroyalty of New Spain.<br /><br />Casa de Contratación:Or trading house, in Seville. The Spanish also set up large haciendas in América for stockbreeding and agriculture.vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-49445814745651591932010-05-19T11:59:00.000-07:002010-05-19T12:15:59.268-07:002. ¿Qué regiones estan más densamente pobladas?Densidad de Población<br />Para medir la densidad de población, no hace falta mirar la población absoluta, o el número de personas que viven en una zona. En este lugar, el calculo de la densidad de población es la relación entre la población y la superficie que ellos ocupan.<br />Densidad de poblacion es igual al numero de habitantes partido por el area que ellos ocupan (km2)<br />En un area han un gran numero de habitantes en una zona pequeña, esto es la densidad de población. El mismo numero de personas que viven en un gran area, está dispersamente poblada En algunas regiones del mundo estan muy densamente pobladas. -Muchas de estas regiones estan en el hemisferio norte, que tiene más del 90% de la población mundial.<br />-Muchas personas viven en la zona templada, especialmente entre 20 y 50 grados de latitud norte.<br />-Los continentes más poblados son Asia, con alrededor de 4000 millones de personas. Sin embargo, hay areas en Asia que están más pobladas.<br />-Por región, mas de la mitad de la población vive en el Este y en Sur Asia.<br />-Los dos países más poblados en el mundo son China y la India, que tienen acerca de 2500 millones de personas, cerca del 40% de la población del mundo. -En muchos países, las areas urbanas son normalmente más densamente pobladas que las areas rurales.vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-18697482060760446082010-05-19T11:27:00.000-07:002010-05-19T11:58:57.783-07:00Tema 12- World population1.¿Cómo es la población del mundo?<br />Figuras de la Población<br />Alrededor de 6500 millones de personas habitan la Tierra.<br />Hasta el siglo XVII, la población creció muy despacio. El crecimiento fue alto, pero muchas personas murieron por el hambre y muchas epidemias(enfermedades).<br />El crecimiento empezó a comienzos del siglo XVIII, las mejoras en las tecnicas agricolas y en la industria, que incrementaron la producción de alimentos. Además, mejoraron los avances medicina.<br />El gran incremento de la población comenzó en el siglo XX. Como resultado se produjo una explosión demográfica. La población se cuatriplicado. Que pasó de 1700 millones en el 1900 a el 6000 millones en el 2000.<br />En la actualidad, la población mundial aumenta unos 80 millones de personas cada año, aunque la tasa de crecimiento esta ralentizandose.<br />La distribución de la población.<br />La población de la Tierra no esta distribuida de forma uniforme. En general, las personas viven en entornos que tienen:<br />-Lugares donde abunda el agua que es necesaria para el abastecimiento de la población y su desarrollo.<br />-Zonas con climas templados: que tienen temperaturas suaves todo el año y lluvias abundantes y regulares.<br />-Valles y llanuras: Estas tienen suelos fertiles, que son buenos para la agricultura, construcciones y comunicaciones.<br />-Areas con recursos energéticos: minerales, petroleo etc...<br />Por el contrario la población suele evitar territorios con temperaturas excesivamente altas o bajas y zonas aridas o sin depósitos de agua y areas con una humedad elevada y constante.vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-20229612965310288202010-05-18T07:21:00.000-07:002010-05-18T07:54:37.783-07:00vocabulary unit 9Renaissance- the profound social and cultural changes of the 15th and 16th centuries are known the Renaissance.<br />Humanism- One of the most important features of the Renaissance was the growth of humanism. This was a cultural and intellectual movement which developed in the 15th century and the early 16th century.<br />Erasmus of Rotterdam- Was an important humanist.<br />Thomas More- was an important humanist<br />Juan Luis Vives-was an important humanist.<br />Johannes Gutenberg- invented the priting press, in 1440.<br />Printing press-it was a revolutionary invention because:<br />-Books no longer had to be copied by hand<br />-Books became cheaper, and so more were sold.<br />-Humanist thought reached more people.<br />Nicolaus Copernicus- developed the heliocentric theory.<br />Heliocentric theory- This maintained that the Sun was the centre of the universe, and that the Earth and other planets revolved around it.<br />Ptolemaic- developed the geocentric theory.<br />Geocentric theory- which maintained that the Earth was the centre of the universe.<br />Quattrocento- was the term applied to 15th century Italian art, which flourished in Florence.<br />The Cinguecento was the term used to describe 16th century art, which flourished in Rome.<br />Proportions- Buildings were smaller, and not as tall as Gothic constructions. This was because architects wanted to adapt them to the proportions of the human body.<br />Leon Battista Alberti- Another importat architect was Leon Battista Alberti. He built the Rucellai Palace in Florence and the Basilica of Sant'Andrea in Mantua.<br />Bramante-built the Saint Peter's Basilica, did the first project.<br />Michelangelo- built the Sait Peter's Basilica, changed the dome.<br />Maderno- built the Saint Peter's Basilica, completed the rest.<br />Perspective-The renaissance painters used colour, composition and background scenes, such as buildings and landscapes, to create an impression of space and depth. They discovered perspective.<br />Masaccio- Was a Florentine painter.<br />Leonardo da Vinci, who brilliantly represented nature. He was a master of sfumato, a technique which involved blurring outlines to create a sense of depth.<br />Raphael achieved perfection in his use of colour, drawing and composition.<br />Titian- was a Venetian painter created highly colourful works of art. He is famous for his portraits, and paintings of religious and mythological themes.<br />Donatello- The greatest sculptor of the Quattrocento was Donatello. He captured the Renaissance ideal of sculpture in works like David.<br />Albrecht Dürer- was a great Renaissance figure. He introduced the Renaissance style in Germany after he had visited Italy. Dürer was an excellent draughtsman, engraver and portrait painter.<br />The Herrerian style- was characterised by austerity and solemnity.<br />The Plateresque style- was characterised by its abundant and delicate ornamentation.<br />El Greco- religous paintings and portraits had an original, dramatic style, which was full of movement.<br />Martin Luther- wrote 95 Theses in which he strongly criticised the Pope.<br />Lutheranism- was incompatible with the ideas of the Catholic Church.<br />Protestants- Consequently, Lutherans, later called Protestants, left the Catholic Church.<br />Calvinism-founded by John Calvin. His doctrine was based on predestination.<br />Predestination- The people are condemned or saved before they are born.<br />Henry VIII- wanted to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragón, to marry another woman. However, the Pope would not grant him a divorce.<br />Anglican Church-In 1534, Henry VIII decided to create his own church, the Anglican Church. The king would be head of the church instead of the Pope. In many other ways, Anglicanism was initially very similar to Catholicism.<br />Council of Trent- met and adopted different resolutions.<br />Society of Jesus, founded by Saint Ignatius of Loyola in 1540, supported the Pope during the counter-reformation.<br />Inquisition- Persecuted those who failed to follow Catholic dogma.vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-11987884984017153352010-05-17T09:24:00.000-07:002010-05-20T03:12:19.228-07:00vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-20737644047293396542010-05-10T03:06:00.000-07:002010-05-27T12:57:45.304-07:00Population rates<span id="result_box" class="long_text"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" title="The crude birth rate (often referred to simply as the birth rate) is the most commonly used index of fertility." onmouseover="this.style.backgroundColor='#ebeff9'" onmouseout="this.style.backgroundColor='#fff'">1. Why is it called a crude rute.<br /><br /><br /></span></span><span style="line-height: 150%;font-family:Arial;font-size:100%;" lang="EN-IE" >The <span style="font-weight: bold;">crude birth rate</span> (often referred to simply as the birth rate) is the most commonly used index of <b>fertility</b>.<span style=""> </span>This is the ratio of the number of live births each year to the total population (usually measured at the mid-point of the year).<span style=""> </span>It is expressed as the number of births per 1,000 population.<span style=""> </span>e.g. if 3,000 babies were born in a population of 150,000, then the crude birth rate would be 20 per 1,000.</span><br /><span style="line-height: 150%;font-family:Arial;font-size:100%;" lang="EN-IE" >The <b>crude death rate</b> is the number of deaths per 1,000 members of a given population.<span style=""> </span>It may be calculated for the population at the mid-point of the year or at the beginning of the year.</span><br /><br /><br />2.<span lang="EN-IE" style="font-size:100%;">What aspect of population growth or decline is not measured by the natural increase calculation? The birth and the dead of the children<br /></span><span lang="EN-IE" style="font-size:100%;">3. Calculate the Birth and Death Rates for Ireland in each of the four years<br />Muertos en 1995-8957598645<br />Muertos en 1998-847526249<br />Muertos en 2000-8216483139<br />Muertos en 2002-7492080446<br /><br />Nacidos en 1995-1354705245<br />Nacidos en 1998-1446732705<br />Nacidos en 2000-1432279701<br />Nacidos en 2002-1545005454<br /><br /></span><span style="font-size: 100%;" lang="EN-IE">4. Calculate the Natural Increase for Ireland in each of the four years.<br /><br />1995-48786,10424<br />1998-53599,15247<br />2000-54238,17835<br />2002-60520,25079<br /><br /></span><span style="font-size: 100%;" lang="EN-IE">5. Write a short paragraph outlining the population changes experienced over the period from 1995 to 2002, based on this data. In 1995 the dead of the population was growth but in 2002 was very small that 1995. </span><span id="result_box" class="medium_text"><span style="" title="">As the birth rate was very low in 1995 but has risen sharply until 2002, and the natural growth has been high in 2002.</span></span><br /><span lang="EN-IE" style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-23291787309170381262010-05-09T01:35:00.000-07:002010-05-09T01:51:42.468-07:00A whole new world: The amazing map based on population<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7FKj9Xgq5-halE19caeN7C6bEgXo8iVfDvQ485VNA9-CKw_0RVtZOQDkBR4L6cL0_MBRBw4D8LC0SORLZByf4wuwlum7OpGskfyom2qi3AgZn5bk68CzF2umHF_09SV_dHR2EYEeJ3Ww/s1600/article-12.jpg"><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 134px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7FKj9Xgq5-halE19caeN7C6bEgXo8iVfDvQ485VNA9-CKw_0RVtZOQDkBR4L6cL0_MBRBw4D8LC0SORLZByf4wuwlum7OpGskfyom2qi3AgZn5bk68CzF2umHF_09SV_dHR2EYEeJ3Ww/s320/article-12.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5469189554763005394" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: medium; ">WHICH ARE THE MOST DENSELY POPULATED REGIONS IN THE WORLD? Why? Los territorios más poblados se encuentran en el occidente(Asia). Porque es donde se concentra la mayoría de la poblacion.</span><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: medium; ">WHICH ARE THE MOST DENSELY POPULATED COUNTRIES? Is all territory densely populated?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: medium; ">Entre los territorios más poblados se encuentran:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: medium; ">Asia, China, Japón, Rusia y la India.</span></div>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-67765479404290223682010-05-09T01:14:00.000-07:002010-05-09T01:30:55.147-07:00Charles V and the Holy roman Empire<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; "><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">Where was born Charles V? Charles V was born in Flandes<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">Could Charles V make decisions alone? Charles V did not have absolute power.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">Whose approval did he need before increasing taxes, for example? Decisions about taxes, for example, needed the approval of the Parliaments of each kingdom.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">Who were the children of Charles I? His son is Philip.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">Who ruled each territory in the king’s name? Each territory had a viceroy or governor, who ruled in the king's name.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">Why did the king need to ask for loans? Most of the king's revenue came from taxes, especially from Castile. But taxes alone were not enough to finance his policies, and the king had to ask for loans.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">Why did Charles V have problems with France? France was his main rival for supremacy in Europe.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">The main battles against<span> </span>France Pavia, Roma, Saboya y Alemania</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">Why were the Ottoman Turks his rivals? The Ottoman Turks were his othe great rivals. They were a constant threat in the Mediterranean and along the eastern boundary of the Holy Roman Empire.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">The main battles against<span> </span>the Ottoman Empire. Los turcos llegaron a sitiar Viena (1529-1532), en el Mediterraneo, con la colaboración de sus aliados norteafricanos y del rey de Francia, interceptaron la navegación y saqueaban las costas italianas y españolas.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">What was his most serious problem? The most serious problem was the rebellion of the German Protestant princes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">How did he divide his possessions when he surrendered his power? He divided his possessions: the Holy Roman Empire went to his brother Ferdinand, and the rest of his possessions went to his son Philip.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 24px; font-size: 12pt; font-family: georgia; "><span style="font-size: 16px; "><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.5pt; ">Where Charles V decided to retire. En Yuste (España)</span></span></p></span>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-55693141544755832492010-05-09T00:55:00.000-07:002010-05-09T01:12:24.672-07:00Spread of the potato<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXhEOxtpVM1Ua8Q7drJbbmTyr0uDxlJK5rJsjQgBgMpDU-njJeVcAZ8u-DIWNSPZz_cSTA2E2oRFRpG4-2HFFK4GjETUvcoWanhxxbVkD9mvAAYMP9551NMfong_E-ecgrfP9PjhKUDR4/s1600/potato.jpg"><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 209px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXhEOxtpVM1Ua8Q7drJbbmTyr0uDxlJK5rJsjQgBgMpDU-njJeVcAZ8u-DIWNSPZz_cSTA2E2oRFRpG4-2HFFK4GjETUvcoWanhxxbVkD9mvAAYMP9551NMfong_E-ecgrfP9PjhKUDR4/s320/potato.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5469176134000483202" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 22px; "><span title="">I think it was very important to import into Spain, because he was primarily used as livestock feed. </span><span title="" style="background-color: rgb(230, 236, 249); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">Their knowledge extends across Europe and is just growing. </span><span title="">The agricultural crisis that led to famine probocó the consumption of potato (potato) by farmers, sometimes displacing legumes and cereals, becoming a staple food which led to its progressive marketing.</span></span>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-57913481632136271292010-04-20T07:26:00.000-07:002010-04-27T08:09:02.379-07:00Martin Luther and the German Reformation and The Counter-Reformation<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><b></b></p><b><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: 800;">1. (a) Describe the event</span> that is taking place in the source shown on the right.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">Martin Luther está escribiendo sobre la puerta de alguna catedral o alguna iglesia</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">(b) Mention one immediate consequence of this event. Creo que nos está mostrando una nueva catedral o una nueva iglesia.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">1. Explain the following terms:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">(a) justification by faith: Martin Luther descubrió la primera Biblia.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">(b)indulgences: Los documentos eran expedidos por el Papa para perdonar los pecados por dinero.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">(c) Papa bull: A través de los toros, los Papas ha estado declarando su voluntad de sus fieles.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">(d) Excommunicated: El Papa les niega el derecho a tomar la sagrada ostia.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">(e)Heretic: Ellos eran perseguidos por la Inquisition</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">(f) Clerical celibacy: La iglesia hace una distinción entre el celibato laicos y el eclesiastico</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">2. Write briefly four important landmarks in the life of Martin Luther.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">The excommunication</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">The justification by faith</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">Counter-reformation</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">1.Why was the Council of Trent summoned? It was to stop the Protestant movement and improve conditions in the church.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">2.Identify three conclusions reached at this Council.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">Nuevos caminos para predicar el Catolicismo</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">Nuevos ordenes religiosos se hicieron</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">Ellos formaron la sociedad de Jesús</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">3. Name five contries in Europe where the Counter-Reformation was successful and one country Where it was not</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">Successful in: Spain, France, Italy, Germany...</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">Unsuccessful in: England and Scotland.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></p></b><p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language:EN-GB"></span><o:p> </o:p></p>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-31043403000865764622010-04-18T03:05:00.000-07:002010-04-18T03:07:06.157-07:00The Mesta<span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;">I think it was a good form to gave more ''privileges'' to the sheeps and cattle.</span><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" line-height: 19px; font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;"><p style="margin-top: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 1.5em; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;">The </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;">Mesta</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;">was a powerful association of sheep holders in the medievalKingdom of Castile.</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 1.5em; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;">The sheep were transhumant, migrating from the pastures of Extremadura and Andalusia to Castile and back according to the season.</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 1.5em; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;">The no-mans-land (up to 100km across) between Christian Spain and Moorish Spain was too insecure for arable farming and was only exploited by shepherds. When the land was reconquered by the Spanish, farmers began to settle and disputes with pastoralists were common. The Mesta can be regarded as the first, and most powerful, agricultural union in medieval Europe.</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 1.5em; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;">The exportation of merino wool enriched the Mesta members (nobility and church orders) who had acquired ranches during the process ofReconquista.</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 1.5em; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;">The kings of Castile conceded many privileges to the Mesta. Even today, herds of sheep may be transported by rail, but the perhaps prehistoric </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;">cañadas</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;"> are legally protected "forever" from occupation and barring.</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 1.5em; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;">Some Madrid streets are still part of the </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;">cañada</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;"> system, and there are groups that organize sheep transportation across the modern city as a reminder of ancient rights and cultures.</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 1.5em; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 1.5em; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:small;"><br /></span></p></span></div></span>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-22194637982892886272010-04-17T10:37:00.000-07:002010-04-17T10:39:09.858-07:00jueves 15 de abril de 2010<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpiNxZMPrUVpEtM1JFg_yXJ5m3OOZl56-c5kg5FxS4T7AhlSUNXdRwGWarZA0PazeUdZNS1NFGsGKr3ditCQVeNQhAWVJp1VV4z8qb14d7HiFPo69RbsooRwK1gICsivn_o5E9j1GFjZg/s1600/escorial.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 134px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpiNxZMPrUVpEtM1JFg_yXJ5m3OOZl56-c5kg5FxS4T7AhlSUNXdRwGWarZA0PazeUdZNS1NFGsGKr3ditCQVeNQhAWVJp1VV4z8qb14d7HiFPo69RbsooRwK1gICsivn_o5E9j1GFjZg/s320/escorial.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5461162269889805426" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: georgia; ">Auteur: </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: georgia; ">Juan Bautista de Toledo and Juan de Herrera.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: georgia; "><br />Work: The Monastery of el Escorial<br />Type of work: It's make by granite<br />Function or Subject: </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: georgia; ">The king Philiph II gave the orders to construct the monastery to commemorate the victory of San Quintin's battle on the frenchmen on August 10, 1557.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: georgia; "><br />Decoration or Characteristics: T</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: georgia; ">he monastery of El Escorial looks like an enormous horizontal, closed an hermetic structure splashed by the vertical accents of the towers that surround the central dome.</span></span></span>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-34059632244179786322010-04-17T10:34:00.000-07:002010-04-17T10:36:20.449-07:00Thursday, 25 March 2010<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEliIFN2hEf_L4lwAsLmLfCuZlbr7uHAqxTKezWpv5LXBs8plHTk9Lx1-psPV757ZJofEVLVMrzErlwrSncEa7LIdTVCb3V7_SjYXZaVv1r4kOSh8PLfXuxWsLvIxO-zQA7lvX2NSquNw/s1600/DavidDonatello.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 107px; height: 200px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEliIFN2hEf_L4lwAsLmLfCuZlbr7uHAqxTKezWpv5LXBs8plHTk9Lx1-psPV757ZJofEVLVMrzErlwrSncEa7LIdTVCb3V7_SjYXZaVv1r4kOSh8PLfXuxWsLvIxO-zQA7lvX2NSquNw/s320/DavidDonatello.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5461161421144028466" /></a><div><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: georgia; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium; ">Auteur: Donatello<br />Work: Statue of David<br />Type of work: bronze statue<br />Function or Subject: </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: georgia; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium; ">The statue shows the David's victory on Goliat.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: georgia; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium; "><br />Decoration or Characteristics: </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: georgia; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium; ">the first freestanding nude male sculpture</span></span></span></span></div>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8936713429537605259.post-31788337242980360802010-04-17T10:32:00.001-07:002010-04-17T10:34:25.457-07:00jueves 15 de abril de 2010<div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8QD3eZ3UXr2dqhxqBzewMtcczyo7SawdzlplRgAcLt6MrA3RuXAZE3yRc1z81odHlWbBastdWnUNbbvm8ard8AjZ-lRp37Uh3o5PtxEBwYoMxSJN_xZo360e_iUFlDlBola9nht5C-u0/s1600/la_sagrada_familia_del_cordero.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 226px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8QD3eZ3UXr2dqhxqBzewMtcczyo7SawdzlplRgAcLt6MrA3RuXAZE3yRc1z81odHlWbBastdWnUNbbvm8ard8AjZ-lRp37Uh3o5PtxEBwYoMxSJN_xZo360e_iUFlDlBola9nht5C-u0/s320/la_sagrada_familia_del_cordero.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5461160866696416354" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:georgia;">Auteur: Raphael<br />Work: The Holy Family with a lamb<br />Type of work: oil<br />Function or Subject: Religion. <span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 25px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:medium;">The Virgin Mary helps the baby Jesus riding on a lamb under the gaze of San Jose.</span></span><br /><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:medium;">Decoration or Characteristics: </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:medium;">The colors and brushstrokes are a very good match to the original. </span></span></span><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></span></div>vazquezpintado.abrahamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08288454798336643255noreply@blogger.com0